I use a self-written tool to extract my images and videos from Apple Photos and back them up incrementally as files and directories using Borg Backup.

Using this approach I retain full ownership over my data without having to look for alternatives to Apple Photos, which I really enjoy using.

As a result, I have a “live” copy on my iPhone/Mac/iCloud, a backup on my NAS and a remote Borg Backup repository in a data center.